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Daylight in buildings

Daylight in buildings

Category
Daylight in buildings - Region 2: Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East.

Students
natela jobadze

Teacher
dodo

School
East European University

Country
Georgia

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People should have permanent residences with natural light. Lighting of a building that has direct or indirect light through external wall lighting. Natural lighting should be provided, usually in a building where there are permanent people. Without natural lighting it is allowed to create certain types of industrial buildings in accordance with the sanitary design standards of industrial enterprises. The principle of rationalization of natural lightNatural lighting is used for general lighting of industrial and utility rooms. It is created by the energy of the sun’s rays and has the most beneficial effect on the human body. Using this type of lighting should take into account meteorological conditions and their changes in the field during the day and year. This is necessary to know how much natural light will enter the room through the light openings arranged in the building: windows – side lighting, headlights on the upper floors of the building – overhead lighting. In combined natural lighting, side lighting is added to the overhead lighting. Permanent living rooms should have natural light.Sun protection devices in public and residential buildings should be supplied in accordance with Construction Heat Engineering Chapters.The quality of natural light is characterized by the ratio of natural light to eos, which is the ratio of the light on the horizontal surface inside the room and the simultaneous horizontal light on the outside, the design of natural lightThe design of natural lighting of buildings should be based on the study of labor processes in the building, as well as the light and climatic characteristics of the construction site of the building. 2. The design of natural light of the building should be carried out in the following order:Determining the natural light requirements of the building;Selection of lighting systems;Selection of lighting type and light transmitting materials;Selection of means of limiting the brightness from direct sunlight;Taking into account the orientation of the building on the sides of the horizon and the windows;Preliminary calculation of natural light in the building (determination of the required area of light openings);Specification of light openings and room settings;Carrying out calculation of natural light verification in the building;Identification of buildings, zones and areas with insufficient natural light in accordance with the norms;Determining additional artificial lighting requirements for buildings, areas and areas with insufficient natural light;Determining the working requirements of light openings;Make necessary adjustments to the natural lighting project and re-check the calculation (if necessary).The natural light system of the building (side, top or combined) should be selected taking into account the following factors:The purpose of the building and the architectural and planning, volumetric and spatial and structural solutions adopted;Requirements for natural light of the building arising from the peculiarities of production technology and visual work;Climatic and light-climatic characteristics of the construction site;Natural light efficiency (in terms of energy costs).Calculation of natural lightThe purpose of natural light calculation is to determine the area of light openings, i.e. the number of windows and the geometric dimensions to ensure visual contact with the outside space, filling light openings should usually be done with transparent window glass. In the morning you get wonderful pictures of plants, open landscapes, reservoirs, churches facing east. Often fog spreads in the lowlands, near the surface of the water. The landscapes of the valley, from a high point to the east, look very impressive. Scenes are often filmed at dawn with equipment, metal structures, and any other object that has a shiny, shiny surface. In natural light these surfaces and their reflections look amazing. The light changes very quickly after sunrise. In the warmer months in the equatorial and tropical regions, natural light in the afternoon is not suitable for photography. The sun rises and creates a disturbing, dazzling light that makes the surrounding landscapes unprecedented.Sequential shooting of people using only fill light can be accomplished with direct additional lighting or reflectors. It is recommended to use light with a color temperature of about 5.2 Kelvin. In such regions, afternoon light should be used only to cover densely vegetated canyons and valleys. At other times of the day sunlight does not enter such corners. The presence of direct rays helps the photographer to capture brightly contrasting images.During the day it heats up, the air absorbs water or the earth. Therefore, in the afternoon, changes in the spectral composition (color) of natural light are observed, which are not always in the morning. Warm air absorbs more moisture. You’m cold During the day it heats up, the air absorbs water or the earth. Therefore, in the afternoon, changes in the spectral composition (color) of natural light are observed, which are not always in the morning. Warm air absorbs more moisture.